Quote from Alex bobby on March 23, 2025, 7:30 AM

The 'I Just Got Back' Phenomenon: Bridging or Widening Nigeria's Class Divide?

During Nigeria's festive seasons, particularly the vibrant "Detty December," the nation witnesses a unique cultural phenomenon. Airports buzz with emotional reunions, upscale clubs brim with revellers, and A-list Afrobeats artists electrify stages to packed audiences nationwide. This period marks the return of Nigerians from the diaspora, affectionately nicknamed "I Just Got Back" (IJGB). These returnees bring more than just luggage; they infuse the local economy with foreign currency and a blend of Western and Nigerian cultures. However, their presence also accentuates the nation's stark class divide, prompting debates about whether they bridge or widen this socioeconomic gap.

The IJGB Influence on the Economy

The influx of IJGBs during holiday periods injects significant capital into Nigeria's economy. They’re spending in sectors like entertainment, hospitality, and retail stimulates local businesses. High-end restaurants, luxury boutiques, and event organisers often see a surge in patronage, leading to increased revenues. This economic boost is further amplified by the favourable exchange rates that empower diaspora Nigerians to spend more freely.

However, this heightened spending power can inadvertently lead to inflation in local markets. Prices for goods and services, especially in urban centres like Lagos and Abuja, often rise during festive seasons to match the increased demand from IJGBs. This surge can make essential commodities and services less affordable for residents earning in the local currency, the Naira, thereby straining the middle and lower classes.

Social Dynamics and Perceived Classism

Beyond economics, the return of IJGBs influences social dynamics, often highlighting existing class disparities. Their Western accents, fashion choices, and spending habits can create a perception of elitism. This is particularly evident in social settings where IJGBs are given preferential treatment over locals. For instance, in Lagos's nightlife scene, patrons arriving in luxury vehicles are often prioritised, reflecting a broader societal bias towards perceived wealth and status.

This preferential treatment can lead to feelings of exclusion among local residents. During "Detty December," many locals feel marginalised in their own cities as traffic congestion worsens, prices soar, and businesses shift focus to cater to the diaspora clientele. A Lagos-based radio presenter, speaking anonymously, noted that the city becomes "almost unliveable for locals" during this period, with regular customers feeling sidelined in favour of IJGBs.

The 'Japa' Wave and Aspirational Culture

The term "Japa," derived from Yoruba meaning "to escape," encapsulates the recent trend of Nigerians emigrating in search of better opportunities. This mass exodus, driven by economic challenges and limited prospects, has intensified the aspirational culture within Nigeria. For many, the ultimate sign of success is the ability to travel abroad and return as an IJGB, symbolising achievement and elevated social status.

This phenomenon has led to a societal shift where foreign accents and experiences are highly valued. Some individuals even adopt fake accents to enhance their social standing, underscoring the deep-seated association between the diaspora experience and prestige. This trend further entrenches class divisions, as those without the means or opportunity to travel abroad may feel inferior or left behind.

Remittances: A Double-Edged Sword

Diaspora Nigerians contribute significantly to the nation's economy through remittances, with annual inflows estimated at around $20 billion. While these funds provide essential support for many families and contribute to national income, their impact on economic development is complex. A substantial portion of remittances is directed towards consumption, often of imported goods, rather than investments in productive sectors. This spending pattern can limit the potential of remittances to drive sustainable economic growth and reduce inequality.

Moreover, the reliance on remittances can create a dependency syndrome, where local initiatives and entrepreneurship are stifled, perpetuating the existing class divide. Those without access to diaspora funds may struggle to compete, further widening socioeconomic disparities.

Bridging the Divide: Potential Solutions

Addressing the challenges posed by the IJGB phenomenon requires a multifaceted approach:

1. Inclusive Economic Policies: Implementing policies that promote equitable economic growth can help mitigate the inflationary effects of increased diaspora spending. Supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and ensuring fair pricing mechanisms during festive seasons can protect local consumers.
2. Cultural Sensitisation: Encouraging IJGBs to engage with local communities in meaningful ways can foster mutual respect and understanding. Initiatives that promote cultural exchange and community development can help bridge social divides.
3. Investment in Local Infrastructure: Channeling remittances into infrastructure projects and productive investments can stimulate economic development and create employment opportunities, benefiting a broader segment of the population.
4. Educational Campaigns: Raising awareness about the value of local cultures and reducing the overemphasis on foreign experiences can help shift societal perceptions and reduce class-based prejudices.

Conclusion

The return of Nigerians from the diaspora during festive periods brings both opportunities and challenges. While their presence boosts the economy and enriches cultural landscapes, it also highlights and potentially exacerbates existing class divisions. By adopting inclusive policies and fostering a culture of mutual respect, Nigeria can harness the benefits of the IJGB phenomenon while working towards a more equitable society.

By Alex Bobby, 23/03/2025